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Heat Transfer—A type of color imprinting that uses a specially coated paper that is printed in a special printer (often a laser printer) that can be applied to fabric or other substrates using a heat press. Not to be confused with sublimation or lamination. Hertz (Hz)—In electronics, a measurement of signal frequency. Hertz are referred to in a computer's CPU speed, or a monitor's refresh rate. The CPUs in personal computers recently passed from being measured in megahertz (MHz) to being measured in gigahertz (GHz). Monitor refresh rates are most frequently measured in kilohertz (KHz). Hexachrome—Color matching system created by Pantone Inc. for combining six colors to create a larger reproducible color gamut. Hi-Fi Color—Any process—such as stochastic screening or six-color printing—that expands the possible color gamut beyond four-color process. Highlight White—Printing application in which white ink is used to enhance an image, sharpen colors or add contrast. Hinging—Vinyl installation process where a cut vinyl image, the carrier liner and the transfer tape are placed on the target surface; a piece of masking tape is then attached to the top edge of the transfer tape. The liner is then slowly rolled off from the top edge, and the transfer tape and vinyl image are slowly smoothed onto the surface. A variation of this is to leave an exposed strip of transfer tape above the top edge of the liner, instead of a separate piece of masking tape, to act as the hinge. Histogram—Graph showing the number of pixels showing up at different brightness levels of an image. Housing—For neon tubing, made from porcelain or Pyrex glass, a housing mounted in the sign that provides the contact between the electrode and the lead-in wire. HSB (Hue, Saturation and Brightness)— a hue-based color space model that is widely used to select colors within image editing and other graphics applications. This defi nition is often expressed geometrically as an inverted cone and double cone. HSL (Hue, Saturation and Luminance)—A hue- based color space model that defi nes color using a double hexcone. This defi nition is often expressed geometrically as an inverted cone and double cone. HSV (Hue, Saturation and Value)—A color model that refers to a color space or color defi nition. Hue involves wavelength; saturation is the percentage of white with zero-percent noting pure color; and value is the brightness, with zero-percent representing solid black. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)—The programming language used to create Web pages for display in Web browsers. HTML can be created directly with text editors or Web publishing programs, such as DreamWeaver, or it can be the output of other programs that make dynamic Web pages on the fl y. When you select "view source" from your Web browser, the code that you are viewing is HTML. Hue—The property of color that indicates the color name, such as purple, blue, or green, that can be specifi ed by particular wavelengths or by CIE coordinates. It ranges from 0-360, but is normalized to 0-100% in some applications. I ICC (International Color Consortium)—A group of industry vendors (formed in 1993) whose goal is to create a standardized color management system that functions transparently across all operating systems and software packages. ICC Profi le—A standardized description of the color attributes of a particular substrate, ink, digital printer or imaging device that was set by the ICC. A profi le is created by defi ning a map between the source and target color space using a profi le connection space, either a L*a*b* or CIE color space. Image Processing—Enhancing and manipulating an image, such as by adjusting its size, resolution, or color palette. Infl atables—Plastic signage that assumes a three-dimensional shape when fi lled with air under pressure or helium gas. Initiation—In UV-curing ink chemistry, beginning of the cascading effect or chain reaction the Mid-J SIGN & DIGITAL GRAPHICS caused by the photoinitiator as it combines with a double bond (free radical UV curing), or as it opens the epoxide ring (cationic UV curing) of the monomer, to ultimately change the liquid monomer to a solid (polymer) state. Inkjet Ink—The mixture of colored pigments or dyes in a suitable liquid used for digital printing. Typically either water-based, solvent-based, or UV- curable, inkjet inks dry or are cured to form a solid colored surface. Inkjet Printer—Device that drops liquid ink onto a substrate for printing. The thermal bubble-type of inkjet heats ink to approximately 400 degrees F inside a small chamber before shooting it through a series of nozzles. A piezo-based inkjet puts ink in a small chamber and then sends a charge to contract piezoelectric crystal lining the chamber and send the ink through the nozzles. Ink-Receptive—Describes a substrate that can be made wet by ink when printed and that will bond with the ink after drying or curing. Installed Content Folder—In electronic digital signage, it is a folder on the media player for content fi les that has been placed on the machine by some method other than being sent by the network manager, or downloaded by a separate application, for example. See also Content Folder. Intensity—The density or opaqueness of a color. Also, the amount of light put out by a lamp. Interactive Kiosks—Usually free-standing information displays that allow users to retrieve information through touch-screens, buttons, and video displays. Interactive kiosks are frequently controlled by computers running software written with multimedia authoring software. Interlace—In electronic digital signage, a process used to refresh video displays and some computer displays that alternately scans every other horizontal scan line in the display. Interlaced displays often fl icker, especially when showing static images containing narrow horizontal lines. Internally Illuminated—A sign which is lighted through the use of internal electric fi xtures or lamp-banks. See also Backlit Sign and Exterior Illumination. GLOSSARY