Landscape & Irrigation

April 2017

Landscape and Irrigation is read by decision makers throughout the landscape and irrigation markets — including contractors, landscape architects, professional grounds managers, and irrigation and water mgmt companies and reaches the entire spetrum.

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24 April 2017 Landscape and Irrigation www.landscapeirrigation.com there is little to no pore space, therefore the product cannot move into the soil. This means it remains on top of the soil and could easily be washed away in the runoff to non-target areas by rainfall or irrigation. Post-emergent control products are used to control weeds after they have germinated. Types of post-emergent products include: ■ Contact herbicides cause injury or kill the plant where the product comes into contact with the plant. To be effective, the entire plant must be thoroughly covered with the product. Applied correctly, they are usually fast acting, and are effective in controlling annuals, biennials and young, seedling perennials. ■ Systemic herbicides are absorbed through the leaves or roots and move throughout the plant. Therefore, application to part of the plant will usually kill the entire plant. Systemic herbicides are slower acting, but are very effective against most plants and are recommended for hard to control perennials. ■ Selective post-emergent products are used to control weeds without damaging the desired turfgrass. ■ Nonselective post-emergent products are used to eliminate or injure all plants, both desirable and undesirable. Glyphosate is an example of a nonselective control product. ■ To maximize the effectiveness and effi ciency of post- emerge products, consider the following: ■ Post-emergent products are most effective when applied to young weeds that are actively growing. ■ Post-emergent products are generally more effective in warmer temperatures. The product label will specify a minimum temperature at which the product is most effective. Herbicide Application Q&A Jeff Marvin, Ph.D., senior manager of fi eld research at PBI-Gordon, answers some key questions regarding herbicide application. What tips do you have for the timing of herbicide applications? 1. Target weed should be actively growing. 2. Adequate soil moisture, avoid applications during extended dry periods 3. Winter annuals are best controlled in late fall Oct/Nov. 4. Summer annuals are best controlled early summer before they turn wood. 5. Avoid mowing the day before an application or the day after application. Return to normal mowing practices two days after herbicide application. With regard to turf, how wet is "too wet" to apply product? If the moisture on the leaf is physically moving then the leaf is most likely too wet. Morning dew will not impact the effi cacy of the product. What are some herbicide trends you are seeing? 1. Improved awareness for rotating various modes of action to avoid resistance issues. 2. Program approaches to provide season-long control. Similar to what end users have done with fungicides. 3. Improvements in manufacturing formulations to provide longer stability, reduced VOC concerns. What recommendations do you have regarding pre-emergent vs. post-emergent control? 1. When possible, pre-emergent control typically provides better control. Careful research should be done when choosing a pre-emergent herbicide, as some actives work better than others on specifi c weeds. 2. Follow-up post-emergent applications may be required for season-long control. 3. Addition of a good surfactant will promote a more uniform coating on the plant surface. 4. Plants are easier to control earlier in the lifecycle than later in the lifecycle. What are some key weeds of which landscape professionals should be aware, and can you share some suggested treatment tips specifi c to each? 1. Goosegrass — control with SpeedZone per label recommendations. 2. Clover — when weed canopy is dense, increasing your spray volume will increase weed effi cacy. 3. Doveweed — Surge and SpeedZone have shown excellent control. 4. Annual-blue-eyed grass — Speedzone and Surge have excellent control. 5. Chamberbitter — Katana provides excellent control. 6. Perennial weeds may require multiple applications — weeds such as wild violet, ground ivy, dollarweed, Virginia buttonweed, dichondra, Florida betony LANDSCAPE AND TURF MAINTENANCE

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