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LoRaWAN® Gateways: Radio Coexistence Issues and Solutions

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LoRa Alliance ® Whitepaper Page 35 of 49 LoRaWAN ® Gateways Radio Coexistence Issues and Solutions Copyright ©2021 LoRa Alliance, Inc. All rights reserved. www.lora-alliance.org Figure 25: Example of antenna gain pattern (H and V) of DVB-T emitter The antenna pattern shows that: • The gain above (90°) or below (270°) the antenna in the vertical plane is reduced by 20*Log(0.1) = -20dB. • The gain in the horizontal plane is almost omnidirectional, with only 3dB variation depending on the azimuth. For our next calculations, we are going to consider a typical DVB-T/T2 antenna with the following performance at 900MHz: • Max gain: 15dBi • Horizontally 90°/180°: 0dB loss • Vertically 90°/270°: 20dB loss Considering the LoRa antenna gain and DVB-T/T2 antenna gain, the correction factor for horizontal isolation is: Correction H [0 0 , 90 0 , 180 0 ] = (6dBi - 0dB) + (15dBi - 0dB) = +21dB Considering the LoRa antenna again and DVB-T/T2 antenna gain, the correction factor for vertical isolation is: Correction V [0 0 ] = (6dBi - 0dB) + (15dBi - 0dB) = +21dB Correction V [90 0 , 180 0 ] = (6dBi - 20dB) + (15dBi - 20dB) = -19dB Now, considering free-space attenuation between antennas, the total isolation between antennas, depending on the separation distance, is:

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