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Wi-Fi & LoRaWAN® Deployment Synergies

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Report Title: Wi-Fi & LoRaWAN ® deployment synergies Issue Date: September 2019 Version: 1.0. final version 10 LoRa Alliance & Wireless Broadband Alliance Confidential & Proprietary Copyright © 2019 In addition to frequency hopping, all communication packets between end-devices and gateways also include a variable "Data rate" (ADR) setting. The selection of the DR allows a dynamic trade-off between communication range and message duration. In addition, due to the spread spectrum technology, communications with different DRs do not interfere with each other and create a set of virtual 'code' channels increasing the capacity of the gateway. To maximize both battery life of the end-devices and overall network capacity, the LoRaWAN ® network server manages the DR setting and RF output power for each end-device individually by means of an Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) scheme. LoRaWAN ® baud rates range from 0.3 kbps to 50 kbps. In a highly dense network with end devices close to gateways, the battery lifetime is dramatically increased. Security is a primary concern for any massive IoT deployment and the LoRaWAN ® specification defines two layers of cryptography. LoRaWAN ® embeds security by design: • Unique 128-bit Network Session Key (NwkSKey) shared between the end-device and network server. • Unique 128-bit Application Session Key (AppSKey) between the end-device and the application. AES algorithms are used to provide authentication and integrity of packets to the network server and end-to-end payload encryption to the application server. By providing these two levels, it becomes possible to implement 'multi-tenant' shared networks without the network operator having visibility of the user payload data. Keys can be Activated By Personalization (ABP) on the production line or during commissioning, or can be Over-The-Air Activated (OTAA) in the field. OTAA allows devices to be re- keyed if necessary. 4 Wi-Fi / LoRaWAN ® complementarity Figure 8 - Wi-Fi / LoRaWAN® complementarity (source: STMicroelectronics)

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