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TS2-1.1.0 LoRaWAN Backend Interfaces ©2020 LoRa Alliance ® Page 4 of 85 The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice. 22 Key Transport Security...................................................................................................... 67 125 23 Messages and Payloads ................................................................................................... 68 126 23.1 Encoding ....................................................................................................................... 68 127 23.2 Backend Message Types .............................................................................................. 71 128 23.3 Error Notification Messages .......................................................................................... 73 129 23.4 Data Types.................................................................................................................... 73 130 23.5 Result Codes ................................................................................................................ 81 131 Glossary..................................................................................................................................... 82 132 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................... 83 133 References ............................................................................................................................. 83 134 Revisions ................................................................................................................................... 84 135 NOTICE OF USE AND DISCLOSURE ....................................................................................... 85 136 137 Tables 138 Table 1 LoRaWAN security associations.................................................................................... 21 139 Table 2 NetID Types .................................................................................................................. 50 140 Table 3 DevAddr format based on the NetID Type ..................................................................... 51 141 Table 4 Uplink packet metadata ................................................................................................. 55 142 Table 5 Downlink packet metadata ............................................................................................ 56 143 Table 6 Device Profile ................................................................................................................ 57 144 Table 7 Service Profile ............................................................................................................... 59 145 Table 8 Routing Profile ............................................................................................................... 60 146 Table 9 Network Activation Record ............................................................................................ 61 147 Table 10 Network Traffic Record ................................................................................................ 62 148 Table 11 KeyEnvelope Object .................................................................................................... 67 149 Table 12 Backend message types ............................................................................................. 71 150 Table 13 Messages and payloads .............................................................................................. 73 151 Table 14 JSON encoding of top-level objects ............................................................................. 74 152 Table 15 Result Object ............................................................................................................... 75 153 Table 16 KeyEnvelope Object .................................................................................................... 75 154 Table 17 DeviceProfile Object .................................................................................................... 76 155 Table 18 ServiceProfile Object ................................................................................................... 77 156 Table 19 RoutingProfile Object .................................................................................................. 77 157 Table 20 ULMetadata Object ..................................................................................................... 78 158 Table 21 GWInfoElement Object ................................................................................................ 78 159 Table 22 DLMetadata Object ..................................................................................................... 79 160 Table 23 LocationInfo Object ..................................................................................................... 79 161 Table 24 VSExtension Object .................................................................................................... 80 162 Table 25 Valid values for Result Object ..................................................................................... 81 163 164 Figures 165 Figure 1 LoRaWAN Network Reference Model (NRM), End-Device at home ............................... 8 166 Figure 2 LoRaWAN Network Reference Model (NRM), roaming End-Device ............................... 8 167 Figure 3 End-Device types and states ........................................................................................ 12 168 Figure 4 Activation of ABP End-Device ...................................................................................... 15 169 Figure 5 Message flow for OTA Activation at Home Procedure. ................................................. 17 170 Figure 6 Use of Handover and Passive Roaming ....................................................................... 23 171 Figure 7 Passive Roaming start ................................................................................................. 24 172

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