Issue link: https://read.uberflip.com/i/1539840
Developing LoRaWAN Devices Technical Recommendation TR007-1.1 ©2021-2025 LoRa Alliance ® Page 18 of 28 The authors reserve the right to change documents without notice. 4.10 Default Channels 566 4.10.1 Description 567 There are two styles of regional channel plans defined in [RP002]: dynamic and fixed. Default 568 channels are the channels that are required to be implemented on the end-device for each 569 region. These channels MAY be disabled by the network, but all end-devices begin operation 570 using the default channels and re-enable all default channels as the last step of ADR back- 571 off. 572 Dynamic channel plan regions (EU868, CN779, EU433, IN865, KR920, AS923-1, AS923-2, 573 AS923-3 as of [RP002]) define a small number of default channels (two or three depending 574 on region). Additional channels are dynamically created by the network via the CFList or 575 NewChannelReq commands. 576 For fixed channel plan regions (US915, AU915, CN470 as of [RP002]), a large set of default, 577 fixed channels are defined. Channels are enabled and disabled via the CFList or 578 LinkADRReq commands. In a future version of the LoRaWAN Layer 2 specification, fixed 579 channel plan regions will also support the NewChannelReq command for defining new 580 channels. 581 Networks MAY be deployed with gateways that support a variety of different channels, both in 582 terms of number of channels and frequencies supported. To be able to use these various 583 network configurations, end-devices need to correctly implement default channel behaviors. 584 4.10.2 Recommended Practice 585 End-devices SHALL begin operation with all default channels enabled. OTAA devices will use 586 all these channels for the Join Procedure. As the last step of ADR back-off, the end-device 587 SHALL enable all default channels. 588 End-devices SHALL support the full range of channel indexes defined in [RP002]. 589 These behaviors are clearly specified by LoRaWAN 1.0.4+. 590 4.11 FcntUp/FcntDown SHALL Use 32 Bits 591 4.11.1 Description 592 LoRaWAN prior to 1.0.4 allows for the use of 16-bit or 32-bit wide frame counters. To maximize 593 end-device security and reduce the risk of a message playback attacks, all implementations 594 SHALL use 32-bit wide counters. 595 4.11.2 Recommended Practice 596 End-devices SHALL implement 32-bit unsigned integer counters for all frame counters. 597 LoRaWAN 1.0.4+ mandates 32-bit wide frame counters. 598