Issue link: https://read.uberflip.com/i/1538500
REGULATORY WORKING GROUP ©LoRa Alliance ® | LoRa Alliance ® , LoRaWAN ® and LoRaWAN Certified CM are trademarks of the LoRa Alliance, used by permission. The authors reserve the right to change contents without notice. All statements of LoRa Alliance in connection with regulatory matters are for informational purposes only. LoRa Alliance provides such information in its capacity as a stakeholder in the promotion and adoption of secure, carrier-grade IoT LPWAN connectivity and in the context of LoRa Alliance's LoRaWAN® standard. All such information is provided on an "as is" basis. Such information does not constitute technical or legal advice. 4. Scalability: Satellite-enabled LoRaWAN networks can connect millions of IoT devices, supporting diverse applications such as smart agriculture, environmental monitoring, and logistics. This scalability meets the growing demand for IoT connectivity globally. 5. Resilient Communications: LoRaWAN satellite networks offer robust connectivity during disasters, enabling backup communication systems. It supports essential use cases like early warning systems and disaster relief operations. 6. Interoperability: The technology ensures seamless integration with terrestrial LoRaWAN networks, creating a unified IoT ecosystem. This interoperability expands the range of applications and simplifies network management. Operational Concept The satellites receive the individual SRD transmissions from individual devices in the corresponding license- exempt bands e.g. 862-870 MHz or 902-928 MHz (depending on regional parameters and regulations) as illustrated below. The satellite then stores the received messages and – when a ground station (not necessarily in the jurisdictions where IoT devices are located) is in view – the messages are downlinked using a frequency band with a satellite service allocation. There are not individual messages from satellites to devices in the license-exempt bands. Instead, satellites multicast signals to devices, either as wake-up beacons and/or control information to manage time synchronisation in low power modes. This assures that the impact on spectrum is minimised. IoT devices use LR-FHSS or LoRa modulation for uplink communication, while they are configured to receive LoRa signals for wake-up or device control messages. Satellite-SRD Operational Concept Regulatory Framework Satellite-IoT operations leveraging unlicensed or license-exempt bands have been validated through extensive technical studies and field trials. Significant regulatory advancements have recently been made in Europe, as