Issue link: https://read.uberflip.com/i/1538500
REGULATORY WORKING GROUP ©LoRa Alliance ® | LoRa Alliance ® , LoRaWAN ® and LoRaWAN Certified CM are trademarks of the LoRa Alliance, used by permission. The authors reserve the right to change contents without notice. All statements of LoRa Alliance in connection with regulatory matters are for informational purposes only. LoRa Alliance provides such information in its capacity as a stakeholder in the promotion and adoption of secure, carrier-grade IoT LPWAN connectivity and in the context of LoRa Alliance's LoRaWAN® standard. All such information is provided on an "as is" basis. Such information does not constitute technical or legal advice. highlighted in ECC Report 357 1 , "Regulatory analyses of satellite use in the band 862-870 MHz to communicate with terrestrial SRD": • Operation on a non-protection, non-interference basis. • Establishment of a Power Flux Density (PFD) threshold of -142 dB(W/(m²·4kHz)) to ensure that no harmful interference is created for terrestrial users of the band. • Extending existing terrestrial SRD frameworks to space, enabling seamless integration. CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations) is at the forefront of this regulatory innovation. ECC Decision (25)02, "Low power devices communicating with satellites (LPD-S) within the frequency range 862-870 MHz" 2 , to harmonize and regulate the use of the 862-870 MHz band for satellite IoT across CEPT member countries has come into force after its approval at the 67 th Electronic Communication Committee (ECC) meeting in Bled in June 2025. This Decision also includes measures for the protection of the adjacent services and applications, including MFCN, with a maximum PFD limit of -146 dB(W/(m 2 ·1MHz)) and the binding requirement for the application of ITU RR Article 17 and 18.4 for the protection of privacy of radiocommunication. This decision marks a significant step toward harmonisation of satellite use in the band 862-870 MHz to communicate with terrestrial SRD within CEPT. The Connecta IoT Network (operated by Plan-S) and Lacuna Space are listed as compliant satellite systems under this innovative decision. Germany's regulatory authority, BNetzA, has already implemented this model successfully. Other European administrations are expected to follow similar steps shortly, enabling this innovative use in their countries for the benefit of both citizens and industry. These advancements mark a transformative shift in the global regulatory landscape, enabling the seamless integration of satellite IoT operations into unlicensed spectrum frameworks. This facilitates cooperation and interoperability with terrestrial LoRaWAN networks, leverages the economies of scale offered by the LoRaWAN standard, and fosters the growth of IoT ecosystems. Showcases of LoRaWAN Satellite Networks The techniques outlined in this paper are already implemented within operational constellations by Lacuna Space and Plan-S. These global constellations switch between the 862-870 and 902-928 MHz frequency bands as they pass over continental geo-fences to adapt to national & regional regulations in order to implement the multicast satellite-to-device operational concept as described above to achieve ultra-low power modes in remote deployments. Below are some examples of target industrial IoT use-cases which highlight the benefits of low-power, Direct- to-Satellite (D2S) service in remote locations with limited or no terrestrial connectivity. 1 More details can be found in the ECC Report 357 2 The Decision can be found on the link.