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LoRaWAN® Specification v1.0.3

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LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Specification ©2018 LoRa™ Alliance Page 37 of 72 The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice. 6.3 Activation by Personalization 1053 Under certain circumstances, end-devices can be activated by personalization. Activation by 1054 personalization directly ties an end-device to a specific network by-passing the join request 1055 - join accept procedure. 1056 Activating an end-device by personalization means that the DevAddr and the two session 1057 keys NwkSKey and AppSKey are directly stored into the end-device instead of the DevEUI, 1058 AppEUI and the AppKey. The end-device is equipped with the required information for 1059 participating in a specific LoRa network when started. 1060 Each device should have a unique set of NwkSKey and AppSKey. Compromising the keys of 1061 one device shouldn't compromise the security of the communications of other devices. The 1062 process to build those keys should be such that the keys cannot be derived in any way from 1063 publicly available information (like the node address for example). 1064

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