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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
A review of the literature to explore the studies that have looked at food safety and
hygiene training with particular emphasis on street food vendors was conducted.
The rationale to undertake a knowledge, attitudes and practices study is also briefly
explored.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP)
The relationship between knowledge, attitudes and behaviour is often explained
through the KAP model (Simelane, 2005). Knowledge accumulates through
learning processes and these may be formal or informal instruction, personal
experience and experiential sharing (Glanz & Lewis, 2002). It has been traditionally
assumed that knowledge is automatically translated into behaviour (Glanz & Lewis,
2002). However behaviour change theorists and experiences in the HIV field, have
indicated that knowledge alone does not translate into appropriate behavior
modification (UNAIDS 2004, Shisana & Simbayi, 2002, Glanz & Lewis, 2002).
Knowledge however is not insignificant and it is found to be vital in the cognitive
processing of information in the attitude-behaviour relationship (Simelane, 2005).
Attitude involves evaluative concepts associated with the way people think, feel and
behave (Keller, 1998). It comprises a cognitive, emotional and a behavioural
